![]() ![]() In the Eastern Pacific Ocean, hurricane season begins May 15 and ends Nov. The 2023 Atlantic hurricane season officially started on June 1 and will run until Nov. (Image credit: NASA Earth Observatory maps by Joshua Stevens, using data from Coral Reef Watch.) Hurricane outlook: 2023 ![]() El Niño's signature warmth is apparent in the November 2015 map. "When this pattern is in its warm phase, or a warmer tropical Atlantic Ocean, we tend to see stronger hurricane patterns for decades at a time," Bell told Live Science.Ī warm-phase AMO conducive to hurricanes prevailed between 19 and since 1995, Bell said.Įl Niño is associated with above-average equatorial sea-surface temperatures. The second climate pattern is the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), which is, as the name implies, a trend that lasts anywhere from 25 to 40 years and is associated with warmer waters in the Atlantic and stronger African monsoons, Bell said. During an El Niño, in which ocean water around the northwestern coast of South America becomes warmer than usual, Atlantic hurricanes are suppressed, while La Niña creates more favorable conditions for hurricanes, Bell said. "There are two dominant climate patterns that really control the wind and pressure patterns across the Atlantic," said Gerry Bell, the lead seasonal hurricane forecaster for NOAA's Climate Prediction Center in Washington, D.C. The individual ingredients for hurricanes, however, don't pop up at random they are guided by larger weather systems. (Image credit: NASA) How climate patterns affect hurricanes Yellow and orange are the warm ocean waters, and blue and white are the hurricane's tall, cool cloud tops. NASA's Terra satellite captured this thermal (heat) image of Category 5 Hurricane Maria in 2017. Now, the growing, swirling vortex of air and clouds grows and grows and can become a thunderstorm. Once this hot air gets high enough into the atmosphere, it cools off and condenses into clouds. This process repeats as air from higher pressure areas moves into the lower pressure area, heats up, and rises, in turn, producing swirls in the air, according to NASA. As the hot air rises, it leaves a lower pressure region below it. At heart, hurricanes are fueled by just two ingredients: heat and water. Hurricanes are seeded over the warm waters above the equator, where the air above the ocean's surface takes in heat and moisture. Hurricanes are the most violent storms on Earth, according to NASA. 26-31, formed Eastern Pacific basin and crossed Central America, making landfall in Florida and moving into Georgia and the Carolinas. 21-23, Gulf of Mexico, making landfall in Texas Tropical Storm Bret - June 19-24, Lesser Antilles and Caribbean Islands.Category 5: 157 mph or higher (252 km/h or higher).Early damage estimates for Nicole in the United States are between $1 billion and $2 billion, according to a report from the Yale Center of Environmental Communication. It was also the strongest system to make landfall on Florida’s east coast in November since 1935. Nicole was the fourth strongest tropical system to make landfall in the United States during the month of November. Hurricane Nicole had sustained winds of 75 mph when it made landfall on Florida’s east coast as a Category 1 storm on November 10. According to NOAA, Ian was the 15th billion dollar weather disaster of 2022 for the U.S., with an estimated $50 billion or more in damages.īillion Dollar Weather Disasters of 2022 in the U.S. Over 100 fatalities in the United States have been attributed to Hurricane Ian. It caused widespread damage across the state of Florida and made another landfall as a minimal hurricane in South Carolina on September 30. Hurricane Ian made landfall in southwest Florida on September 28 as a powerful Category 4 storm with sustained winds of 150 mph. Fortunately, Fiona didn’t make landfall at its peak intensity. Fiona would eventually intensify into a Category 4 hurricane and had the lowest air pressure of any tropical system this season at 930 millibars (the lower the air pressure, the stronger the storm is). Hurricane Fiona made landfall as a Category 1 hurricane in Puerto Rico on September 18.
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